An important quantity in number theory referred to as is defined as the number of positive integers less than n and relatively prime to n. a. crtb. miller-rabinc. euler’s totient functiond. fermat’s theorem

Option C        

Explanation:

Through number theory, the totient function of Euler lists the beneficial entities up to the certain integer n which is generally primary to n. It is described by depicting the Greek letter phi as either f(n) or f(n), and the phi feature of Euler can also be named.

The totient equation of Euler is indeed a multiplicative equation which indicates that since two values m and n remain fairly prime. It is used to describe the RSA encryption scheme. This method issued the order of a substring of multiplier integer category n.

a and c

explanation:

muslims control the north africa during the period of 1500 up

to 1800. they made a barrier to prevent further european exploration from

entering the africa from the north. however, the dutch ware still able to move

toward the interior with having south africa as one of the routes leading to

the east for trading with asia.