Answer the question on the basis of the following sequence of events involving fiscal policy:
(1) the composite index of leading indicators turns downward for three consecutive months, suggesting the possibility of a recession. (2) economists reach agreement that the economy is moving into a recession.
(3) a tax cut is proposed in congress.
(4) the tax cut is passed by congress and signed by the president.
(5) consumption spending begins to rise, aggregate demand increases, and the economy begins to recover. the operational lag of fiscal policy is reflected in event(s)
a) 1 and 2.
b) 2 and 3.
c) 3 and 4.
d) 4 and 5.

Verizon communications, inc., provides the following footnote relating to its leasing activities in its 10-k report. the aggregate minimum rental commitments under noncancelable leases for the periods shown at december 31, 2010, are as follows: years (dollars in millions) capital leases operatingleases 2011 $97 $1,898 2012 74 1,720 2013 70 1,471 2014 54 1,255 2015 42 1,012 thereafter 81 5,277 total minimum 418 $ 12,633 rental commitments less interest and (86) executory costs present value of 332 minimum lease payments less current (75) installments long-term obligation $257 at december 31, 2010 (a) confirm that verizon capitalized its capital leases using a rate of 7.4 %. (b) compute the present value of verizon's operating leases, assuming an 7.4% discount rate and rounding the remaining lease term to 3 decimal places. (use a financial calculator or excel to compute. do not round until your final answers. round each answer to the nearest whole number.)