7. introduction to real options consider the following statement about real options: certain real options allow companies to change capacity output in response to changing market conditions. true or false: the preceding statement is correct. false true which type of real option allows the output and/or inputs in the production process to be altered, depending on how market conditions change during a project’s life? timing option expansion option abandonment option flexibility option consider the following example: clemens inc. is considering a $100 million investment in a new line of soft drinks. however, $100 million is a huge investment for clemens; if things turn bad, it could wipe out the company. a few senior managers have suggested a smaller investment of $20 million to see if the market is as strong as they hope it is. if demand is strong and the opportunity is still available, clemens will increase its investment at a later date. this example describes a real option to .

Cardinal company is considering a project that would require a $2,725,000 investment in equipment with a useful life of five years. at the end of five years, the project would terminate and the equipment would be sold for its salvage value of $400,000. the company’s discount rate is 14%. the project would provide net operating income each year as follows: sales $2,867,000 variable expenses 1,125,000 contribution margin 1,742,000 fixed expenses: advertising, salaries, and other fixed out-of-pocket costs $706,000 depreciation 465,000 total fixed expenses 1,171,000 net operating income $571,000 1. which item(s) in the income statement shown above will not affect cash flows? (you may select more than one answer. single click the box with the question mark to produce a check mark for a correct answer and double click the box with the question mark to empty the box for a wrong answer. any boxes left with a question mark will be automatically graded as incorrect.) (a)sales (b)variable expenses (c) advertising, salaries, and other fixed out-of-pocket costs expenses (d) depreciation expense 2. what are the project’s annual net cash inflows? 3.what is the present value of the project’s annual net cash inflows? (use the appropriate table to determine the discount factor(s) and final answer to the nearest dollar amount.) 4.what is the present value of the equipment’s salvage value at the end of five years? (use the appropriate table to determine the discount factor(s) and final answer to the nearest dollar amount.) 5.what is the project’s net present value? (use the appropriate table to determine the discount factor(s) and final answer to the nearest dollar amount.)