Some u. s. states have enacted laws that allow citizens to carry concealed weapons. these laws are known as "shall-issue" laws because they instruct local authorities to issuea concealed weapons permit to all applicants who arc citizens, are mentally competent, and have not been convicted of a felony (some states have some additional restrictions).proponents argue that, if more people carry concealed weapons, crime will declinebecause criminals is deterred from attacking other people. opponents argue that crimewill increase because of accidental or spontaneous use of the weapon. in this exercise, you will analyze the effect of concealed weapons laws on violent crimes. you will find adata file, guns. dta, that contains a balanced panel of data from 50 u. s.states, plus thedistrict of columbia, for the years 1977-1999.a. what is the average violent crime rate across all the observations in our data. forwhich stateid and year do we see the highest rate of violent crime (vio) in ourdata? b. generate the average violent crime rate per year. which year shows the highestaverage violent crime rate in the data? (draw a graph of "average violent crimerate per year" versus "year" save the graph on word and attach it to the midtermemail). c. estimate (1) a regression of log(vio)against shalland (2) a regression of log(vio)against shall, incarc_rate, density, avginc, pop, pb1064, pw1064, and pm1029. i. interpret the coefficient on shall in regression (1). is this estimate large orsmall in a "real-world"’ sense ? ii. does adding the control variables in regression (2) change the estimatedeffect of a shall-carry law in regression (1) as measured by the statisticalsignificance? as measured by the "real-word" significance of theestimated coefficient? which regression is more credible and why? iii. suggest a variable that varies across states but plausibly varies little-or notat all–over time, and that could cause omitted variable bias in regression(2)