The balanced scorecard approach

a. uses only financial measures to evaluate performance.
b. uses rather vague, open statements when setting objectives in order to allow managers and employees flexibility.
c. normally sets the financial objectives first, and then sets the objectives in the other perspectives to accomplish the financial objectives.
d. evaluates performance using about 10 different perspectives in order to effectively incorporate all areas of the organization.

which one of the following statements is true?

a. if the materials price variance is unfavorable, then the materials quantity variance must be favorable.
b. price and quantity variances move in the same direction. if one is favorable, the others will be as well.
c. if the materials price variance is unfavorable, then the materials quantity variance must also be unfavorable.
d. there is no correlation of favorable or unfavorable for price and quantity variances.

standard costs

a. may show past cost experience.
b. establish expected future costs.
c. are the budgeted cost per unit in the present.
d. all of these.