How did business leaders in the late nineteenth century utilize vertical integration? a. they allowed market forces to dictate how their products were distributed. b. they maintained control of the raw materials necessary for their products. c. they delegated responsibility for production and distribution to subsidiaries. d. they maintained control of production and distribution of their products.

Minolta inc. is considering a project that has the following cash flow and wacc data. what is the project's mirr? note that a project's projected mirr can be less than the wacc (and even negative), in which case it will be rejected. wacc: 10.00% year 0 1 2 3 4 cash flows -$850 300 $320 $340 $360

Consider the local telephone company, a natural monopoly. the following graph shows the monthly demand curve for phone services and the company’s marginal revenue (mr), marginal cost (mc), and average total cost (atc) curves. 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 price (dollars per subscription) quantity (thousands of subscriptions) d mr mc atc 8, 60 suppose that the government has decided not to regulate this industry, and the firm is free to maximize profits, without constraints. complete the first row of the following table. pricing mechanism short run long-run decision quantity price profit (subscriptions) (dollars per subscription) profit maximization marginal-cost pricing average-cost pricing suppose that the government forces the monopolist to set the price equal to marginal cost. complete the second row of the previous table. suppose that the government forces the monopolist to set the price equal to average total cost. complete the third row of the previous table. under average-cost pricing, the government will raise the price of output whenever a firm’s costs increase, and lower the price whenever a firm’s costs decrease. over time, under the average-cost pricing policy, what will the local telephone company most likely do

What do you think: would it be more profitable to own 200 shares of penny’s pickles or 1 share of exxon? why do you think that?