"a complete supply chain dedicated to the reverse flow of products and materials for the purpose of returns, repair, remanufacture, and/or recycling" is the definition of

a. material handling systems.
b. hub-and-spoke systems.
c. packaging systems.
d. reverse logistics systems.

Wallis company manufactures only one product and uses a standard cost system. the company uses a predetermined plantwide overhead rate that relies on direct labor-hours as the allocation base. all of the company's manufacturing overhead costs are fixed—it does not incur any variable manufacturing overhead costs. the predetermined overhead rate is based on a cost formula that estimated $2,886,000 of fixed manufacturing overhead for an estimated allocation base of 288,600 direct labor-hours. wallis does not maintain any beginning or ending work in process inventory.

The retained earnings account has a credit balance of $24,650 before closing entries are made. if total revenues for the period are $77,700, total expenses are $56,900, and dividends are $13,050, what is the ending balance in the retained earnings account after all closing entries are made?

Abank has $132,000 in excess reserves and the required reserve ratio is 11 percent. this means the bank could have in checkable deposit liabilities and in (total) reserves.