Many aspects of people and organizations can cause job dissatisfaction, and managers and hr professionals need to be aware of them because correcting them can increase job satisfaction and prevent job withdrawal. the causes of job dissatisfaction fall into four categories: personal dispositions, tasks and roles, supervisors and co-workers, and pay and benefits.

since job dissatisfaction is a feeling experienced by individuals, researchers have studied whether some personality types are more disposed to be dissatisfied with their jobs than others. tasks and roles in organizations can be improved upon by making jobs more complex and meaningful by incorporating job enrichment and job rotation as well as by having clear and appropriate roles. supervisors and co-workers play a key role in jobs because a supportive environment reduces dissatisfaction. finally, it is worthwhile for human resource professionals to monitor pay so that they may communicate to employees the reasoning behind an organization's pay structure and where these fall within industry levels.

9. tax types: taxes are classified based on whether they are applied directly to income, called direct taxes, or to some other measurable performance characteristic of the firm, called indirect taxes. identify each of the following as a “direct tax,” an “indirect tax,” or something else: a. corporate income tax paid by a japanese subsidiary on its operating income b. royalties paid to saudi arabia for oil extracted and shipped to world markets c. interest received by a u.s. parent on bank deposits held in london d. interest received by a u.s. parent on a loan to a subsidiary in mexico e. principal repayment received by u.s. parent from belgium on a loan to a wholly owned subsidiary in belgium f. excise tax paid on cigarettes manufactured and sold within the united states g. property taxes paid on the corporate headquarters building in seattle h. a direct contribution to the international committee of the red cross for refugee relief i. deferred income tax, shown as a deduction on the u.s. parent’s consolidated income tax j. withholding taxes withheld by germany on dividends paid to a united kingdom parent corporation