In 2008, the required reserve ratio for a bank's first $9.3 million in checking account deposits was zero. it was 3 percent on deposits between $9.3 million and $43.9 million, and 10 percent on deposits above $43.9 million. in most cases, and for simplicity, we assume that the required reserve ratio is 10 percent on all deposits. therefore, the simple deposit multiplier is 10. is the real-world deposit multiplier greater than, less than, or equal to the simple deposit multiplier?

The stock of grommet corporation, a u.s. company, is publicly traded, with no single shareholder owning more than 5 percent of its outstanding stock. grommet owns 95 percent of the outstanding stock of staple inc., also a u.s. company. staple owns 100 percent of the outstanding stock of clip corporation, a canadian company. grommet and clip each own 50 percent of the outstanding stock of fastener inc., a u.s. company. grommet and staple each own 50 percent of the outstanding stock of binder corporation, a u.s. company. which of these corporations form an affiliated group eligible to file a consolidated tax return?