Julie has just retired. her company's retirement program has two options as to how retirement benefits can be received. under the first option, julie would receive a lump sum of $131,000 immediately as her full retirement benefit. under the second option, she would receive $20,000 each year for thirteen years plus a lump-sum payment of $50,000 at the end of the thirteen-year period.

The business cycle is the periodic but irregular up-and-down movement in economic activity, measured by fluctuations in real gross domestic product (gdp) and other macroeconomic variables. a business cycle is typically characterized by four phases—recession, recovery, growth, and decline—that repeat themselves over time. economists note, however, that complete business cycles vary in length. the duration of business cycles can be anywhere from about two to twelve years, with most cycles averaging six years in length. some business analysts use the business cycle model and terminology to study and explain fluctuations in business inventory and other individual elements of corporate operations. but the term "business cycle" is still primarily associated with larger (industry-wide, regional, national, or even international) business trends.

Lol yes , why are you asking ?

Answer (c) the knowledge of how to produce new products;                     (b) a more efficient means of production;