Although starbucks, dunkin' donuts, and mcdonald's all strive to provide a good cup of coffee and pastries to their respective target markets, the difference in their choice of target market, design of their marketing mix, and the basis of their competitive advantage is directly related to their own:

The correct answer is marketing strategy.

Explanation:

The marketing strategy is a type of strategy with which each business unit expects to achieve its marketing objectives through: 1) The selection of the target market that you want to reach, 2) the definition of the positioning you will try to achieve in the minds of the target customers, 3) the choice of the marketing combination or mix (product, place, price and promotion) with which it will seek to meet the needs or desires of the target market and 4) the determination of marketing spending levels.

answer; (a) calling people who have not shown interest in the product and asking them to buy it;