Capital allocation process: israel launched a 10-year global bond issue of $1.5 billion in early 2009. leading investment banks such as citigroup, deutsche bank, and goldman sachs managed the deal.

answer: marginal utility of the fourth brownie is 0.

explanation: marginal utility is the addtional utility gained from the consumption of one more unit of a good. it is given by,

so, marginal utility at the 4th unit will be given by

since, the values are not given here, you can simply find marginal utility at fourth unit by subtracting total utility at 3rd unit from total utility at 4th unit.

credit history is used by lenders to determine whether you are a 'risky' person to give their money to.

having a short history provide very little data for the lenders. they wouldn't be able to determine your credit behavior from such a small samples. even if they are perfect.

having long credit history with few blemishes provide larger and more accurate data for the lenders to predict your credit behavior.