Hoyt corp.'s current balance sheet reports the following stockholders' equity: 5°/o cumulative preferred stock, par value $100 per share; 2,500 shares issued and outstanding $250,000common stock, par value $3.50 per share; 100,000 shares issued and outstanding 350,000additional paid-in capital in excess of par value of common stock 125,000retained earnings 300,000dividends in arrears on the preferred stock amount to $25,000. if hoyt were to be liquidated, the preferredstockholders would receive par value plus a premium of $50,000. the book value per share of common stockis: a. $7.75b. $7.50c. $7.25d. $7.00

Shareholders of tesla recently expressed concerns that elon musk should give up some of his power on tesla's board by appointing two independent directors. which of the following is not a reason why elon musk is perceived to have significant power over tesla's board? 1. he is the founder of the firm and a successful entrepreneur, thus board members may be hesitant to challenge him.2. as the ceo and chairman of the firm he can easily determine what the board should discuss and how it should vote on strategic issues.3. all board members, except for kimbal, have been appointed to the board during elon's tenure.4. many of the firm's directors are outsider investment managers whose interests would not be aligned with those of firms' shareholders.

Which of the following statements is correct? a. two firms with identical sales and operating costs but with different amounts of debt and tax rates will have different operating incomes by definition. b. free cash flow (fcf) is, essentially, the cash flow that is available for interest and dividends after the company has made the investments in current and fixed assets that are necessary to sustain ongoing operations. c. retained earnings as reported on the balance sheet represent cash and, therefore, are available to distribute to stockholders as dividends or any other required cash payments to creditors and suppliers. d. if a firm is reporting its income in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, then its net income as reported on the income statement should be equal to its free cash flow. e. after-tax operating income is calculated as ebit(1 - t) + depreciation.

Jewelry manufacturers produce a range of products such as rings, necklaces, bracelets, and brooches. what fundamental economic question are they addressing by offering this range of items?