On october 1, eder fabrication borrowed $60 million and issued a nine-month, 12% promissory note. interest was payable at maturity. prepare the journal entry for the issuance of the note and the appropriate adjusting entry for the note at december 31, the end of the reporting period

Grant, inc., acquired 30% of south co.’s voting stock for $200,000 on january 2, year 1, and did not elect the fair value option. the price equaled the carrying amount and the fair value of the interest purchased in south’s net assets. grant’s 30% interest in south gave grant the ability to exercise significant influence over south’s operating and financial policies. during year 1, south earned $80,000 and paid dividends of $50,000. south reported earnings of $100,000 for the 6 months ended june 30, year 2, and $200,000 for the year ended december 31, year 2. on july 1, year 2, grant sold half of its stock in south for $150,000 cash. south paid dividends of $60,000 on october 1, year 2. before income taxes, what amount should grant include in its year 1 income statement as a result of the investment?

Suppose that electricity producers create a negative externality equal to $5 per unit. further suppose that the government imposes a $5 per-unit tax on the producers. what is the relationship between the after-tax equilibrium quantity and the socially optimal quantity of electricity to be produced?

The common stock and debt of northern sludge are valued at $65 million and $35 million, respectively. investors currently require a return of 15.9% on the common stock and a return of 7.8% on the debt. if northern sludge issues an additional $14 million of common stock and uses this money to retire debt, what happens to the expected return on the stock? assume that the change in capital structure does not affect the interest rate on northern’s debt and that there are no taxes.