Which of these is an example of economies of scale? a. a shoe store finds it can increase profits by hiring high school students who are willing to work for minimum wage. b. a ranch increases its profits by expanding from 400 to 800 cattle without buying or renting additional land. c. a restaurant charges customers $1 a glass for water that was once provided for free. d. an internet access company charges customers different rates for using the internet at different times of day?

World systems manufactures an optical switch that it uses in its final product. world systems incurred the following manufacturing costs when it produced 74 comma 000 units last​ year: ​(click the icon to view the manufacturing​ costs.) another company has offered to sell world systems the switch for $ 13.50 per unit. the world systems prepared an outsourcing decision analysis to show the cost per unit of making the switches versus the cost per unit of buying​ (outsourcing) the switches. ​(click the icon to view the outsourcing decision​ analysis.) world systems needs 86 comma 000 optical switches next year​ (assume same relevant​ range). by outsourcing​ them, world systems can use its idle facilities to manufacture another product that will contribute $ 140 comma 000 to operating​ income, but none of the fixed costs will be avoidable. should world systems make or buy the​ switches? show your analysis.