Court awards of damages take place ex post, and anticipation of those awards provides ex ante incentives to fulfill promises, while leaving the flexibility to breach contracts when it is efficient to do so. the parties to a contract may also write into the contract contingencies in the event of breach. this liquidated damages approach is ex ante and is based on the principle that

Aldrich and co. sold goods to donovan on credit. the amount owed grew steadily, and finally aldrich refused to sell any more to donovan unless donovan signed a promissory note for the amount due. donovan did not want to but signed the note because he had no money and needed more goods. when aldrich brought an action to enforce the note, donovan claimed that the note was not binding because it had been obtained by economic duress. was he correct? [aldrich & co. v. donovan, 778 p.2d 397 (mont.)]

Which of the following is an example of formal management controls? answers: a firm's culturethe willingness of employees to monitor each otherbudgeting and reporting activitiesmanagerial motivation

The following balance sheet for the los gatos corporation was prepared by a recently hired accountant. in reviewing the statement you notice several errors. los gatos corporation balance sheet at december 31, 2018 assets cash $ 44,000 accounts receivable 86,000 inventories 57,000 machinery (net) 122,000 franchise (net) 32,000 total assets $ 341,000 liabilities and shareholders' equity accounts payable $ 54,000 allowance for uncollectible accounts 7,000 note payable 59,000 bonds payable 112,000 shareholders' equity 109,000 total liabilities and shareholders' equity $ 341,000 additional information: cash includes a $22,000 restricted amount to be used for repayment of the bonds payable in 2022. the cost of the machinery is $194,000. accounts receivable includes a $22,000 note receivable from a customer due in 2021. the note payable includes accrued interest of $7,000. principal and interest are both due on february 1, 2019. the company began operations in 2013. income less dividends since inception of the company totals $37,000. 52,000 shares of no par common stock were issued in 2013. 200,000 shares are authorized. required: prepare a corrected, classified balance sheet. (amounts to be deducted should be indicated by a minus sign.)