Court awards of damages take place ex post, and anticipation of those awards provides ex ante incentives to fulfill promises, while leaving the flexibility to breach contracts when it is efficient to do so. the parties to a contract may also write into the contract contingencies in the event of breach. this liquidated damages approach is ex ante and is based on the principle that

According to the law of demand, there is an inverse relationship between price and quantity demanded. that is, the demand curve for goods and services slopes downward. why?

Consider a small island country whose only industry is weaving. the following table shows information about the small economy in two different years. complete the table by calculating physical capital per worker as well as labor productivity. hint: recall that productivity is defined as the amount of goods and services a worker can produce per hour. in this problem, measure productivity as the quantity of goods per hour of labor. year physical capital labor force physical capital per worker labor hours output labor productivity (looms) (workers) (looms) (hours) (garments) (garments per hour of labor) 2024 160 40 1,800 14,400 2025 180 60 3,900 23,400

In the fall, jay thompson decided to live in a university dormitory. he signed a dorm contract under which he was obligated to pay the room rent for the full college year. one clause stated that if he moved out during the year, he could sell his dorm contract to another student who would move into the dormitory as his replacement. the dorm cost was $5000 for the two semesters, which jay had already paid a month after he moved into the dorm, he decided he would prefer to live in an apartment. that week, after some searching for a replacement to fulfill his dorm contract, jay had two offers. one student offered to move in immediately and to pay jay $300 per month for the eight remaining months of the school year. a second student offered to move in the second semester and pay $2500 to jay. jay estimates his food cost per month is $500 if he lives in the dorm and $450 if he lives in an apartment with three other students. his share of the apartment rent and utilities will be $404 per month. assume each semester is 4.5 months long. disregard the small differences in the timing of the disbursements or receipts. what is the cost of the cheapest alternative?