Kicking your leg when your knee is tapped and quickly pulling your hand back when you accidently touch a hot stove are both examples of associations instincts learning reflexes

The answer is reflexes. Reflexes are usually involuntary muscle movements that happen almost instantaneously in response to stimuli. A reflex is made possible by neural pathways called reflex arcs which can act on an impulse before that impulse reaches the brain. It is a survival mechanism evolved by the body used in the objective to escape danger.

The type of rock she find is a sediment rock