With 5 specific examples, describe the mechanical, glandular, chemical (non-specific and specific), and cellular aspects of the immune system.

The waxy cuticle of leaves, skin and exoskeleton of insects are examples of mechanical aspects of immune system which protects from infection. The skin and respiratory tract secrete antibacterial peptides which acts as chemical barrier to protect from infection.The glands also produce many cells which are needed immune system. The spleen is such an example. It produces antibodies which fight infection. Leukocytes are the phagocytes which engulf microbial cells and large particles through phagocytosis process. Non-specific immune system presence since birth. It is first line of immunity against invading organisms. Non-specific immune system treat all foreign substances equally. Whereas, specific immune system is a second line of immunity composed of special cells which prevent pathogen growth.

desert perennials often survive by remaining dormant during dry periods of the year, then springing to life when water becomes available. most annual desert plants germinate only after heavy seasonal rain, then complete their reproductive cycle very quickly.