What are the limitations of sending information using electromagnetic waves?

Communication refers to the process of conducting and obtaining information in the form of signals. The electromagnetic waves are used by the high technology communications systems, and there are different kinds of electromagnetic waves, which are utilized like microwaves, infrared, radio waves, and others.  

However, there are some of the limitations with the applications of electromagnetic waves:  

1. Due to a confined number of broadcast frequencies, the application of transmitters must be restricted in a certain manner or they will lead to interference.  

2. The physical features like buildings and mountains can interfere or prevent certain transmissions.  

3. In the air, the signals can be misleaded due to atmospheric conditions and the signals from the space are at certain occasions get distorted by solar activity.  

when the displaced particles are perpendicular to the direction the wave travels, is called a transverse wave, whereas in longitudinal wave the displace practices are parallel to the direction of the wave.

in the given image:

first image shows - longitudinal wave

second image shows - transverse wave

third image shows - longitudinal wave

fourth image shows - longitudinal wave

what? are the statements?