All of these scenarios are examples of evolution, with the exception of the? a) loss of hind limbs by whales b) gradual loss of toes on the feet of horses c) change of a caterpillar into an adult butterfly d) change of bones in ostriches, from hollow to solid?

C would not be an example of evolution. It is an example of a metamorphosis. Evolution generally takes places gradually over many many generations (usually VERY long periods of time) but metamorphosis is just a change in form that happens in relatively short periods of time (example: caterpillar changing intoto a butterfly)