Birds, insects, and many reptiles excrete nitrogenous waste in the form of uric acid, which is not very toxic compared to other nitrogenous wastes, but requires the loss of a lot of water with its excretion reduces water loss compared to other nitrogenous wastes, but is highly toxic is much more soluble in water than other nitrogenous wastes, but is energetically costlier than other nitrogenous wastes to synthesi reduces water loss compared to other nitrogenous wastes, but requires more metabolic energy to produce reduces energy use compared to other nitrogenous wastes, but is highly toxic to animals that produce it