What are the short-term effects on the land? (flooding, coastal dune erosion, etc.)

Chemical pollution introduces chemicals into the natural environment, negatively affecting the air, water and soil. ... Toxic releases from industrial plants into the environment and agricultural runoff can threaten water supplies. Many of the long-lasting effects of polluting the land, such as the leaching of chemicals into the soil, cannot be easily reversed. The best way to deal with land pollution is to keep it from happening in the first place. Stepping up recycling efforts and preventing overuse of soil that makes it acidic and contaminates nearby areas. Scientists have predicted that long-term effects of climate change will include a decrease in sea ice and an increase in permafrost thawing, an increase in heat waves and heavy precipitation, and decreased water resources in semi-arid regions

Region b indicates the occipital lobe