All of the following patterns were witnessed by darwin except that species vary
a. over time.
b. locally.
c. around the world.
d. within very short spans of time.

The only incorrect answer is d. within very short spans of time.

In his Theory of Evolution, Darwin noted three patterns of biodiversity:
1. Species vary globally - different, but ecologically similar animal species inhabit separate habitats around the Globe, but again, these habitats are ecologically similar.
2. Species vary locally - different animal species that are related to each other, may occupy different habitats in an area not so far away.
3. Species vary over time - some traits become more common, other less common.