Was demonstrated in the darkening of the population of the peppered moth in europe over a relatively short period of time. a. natural selection b. natural integration c. kettlewell adaptation d. industrial modification

Hello!

The answer is D. Industrial Modification (also called Industrial melanism).

The history of the peppered moth is the following: The population of dark-colored peppered moths increased during the Industrial Revolution and decreased after it. Scientist studied this phenomenon and concluded that the dark color was an effective camouflage in the contaminated environment of the Industrial Revolution, but in a clean environment, birds can hunt dark peppered moths more easily and thus their population decreased after the Industrial Revolution when the environment was cleaner. 

This is a classic example of how mutations are shaped by the environment, but it can't be called Natural Selection because the changes were produced by the Industrial Revolution and not by natural causes. 

C. gemstones they are the only non metallic mineral from the list.

What orders do you have in your chart