What procedure should a nurse use when elevating the head of an infant in a spica cast?

Spica cast is used to keep the pelvis and bones of the thigh still so they can get healed. It helps in maintaining the hip joint bones in an appropriate position. It covers the waist, the legs, and the section of abdomen. It is generally applied for a period of six weeks to three months.  

The spica casts are generally used for the infants suffering from hip dysplasia, and for young children who have had pelvic or hip surgery. In case of an infant with spica cast, there is a need to elevate the head and shoulders of the child with pillows when he or she is positioned on the bedpan.  

This will inhibit urine from getting backward and within the cast. A cloth pad or a gauze or a small folder towel should be put on the back rim of a bedpan, which will assist in absorbing any moisture and keeping the cast dry.  

well, that's easy; the answer's c, "it reduces contamination of the water and substrate of the estuary."