Viruses are not considered to be living things, but they depend upon living cells for energy, reproduction, and protection at the expense of the cells that they invade.
the type of relationship described could best be classified as one of
a) commensalism.
b. mutualism.
c. parasitism.
d. resignation.

b. lithosphere, asthenosphere, mesosphere   is the answer most likely

the solute can move "downhill," from regions of higher to lower concentration, relying on the specificity of the protein carrier to pass through the membrane. this process is called passive transport or facilitated diffusion, and does not require energy.

answerdecomposition;

the right option is; decreased genetic variation  

decreased genetic variation describes the effect of this environmental change.

genetic variation is the naturally occurring genetic diversities or differences between organisms of the same species in a population. genetic variation allows the survival and adaptability of a species when they encounter changing environmental conditions. when an endangered species reduces, it loses genetic variation which may not be restored even if the species rebound and will only be recovered through the gradual collection of mutations over many years.