when the grand canyon formed many small mammal population were divided. some members of the population were on one side and others are on the other, therefore, they were no able to mate with one another. over time this separation and inability to mate with one another led to the emergence of new species. this type of speciation is calleda)sympatric speciation. b)allopatric speciation. c)parapetric speciation. d)peripatric speciation.

The correct answer is option B, that is, allopatric speciation.

Explanation:

In allopatric speciation, a species get differentiated into two groups, and each group thrives in isolation of another group. This might take place due to any physical obstruction like a waterway, mountain range, or others that make interbreeding among the two groups impossible.  

Due to this each of the separated species evolve distinctly as per the requirement of the habitat and their genetic and physical features.  

the backbone of the dna and rna compound is sugar phosphate.