The dunkers is a religious group which moved from germany to pennsylvania in the 1700's. the dunkers do not mate outside of their small group, and this has led to a change in the frequency of certain genes. the pennsylvania dunkers are now unique for other populations, including their german relatives. which of these best describes this occurred?

Because the situation above describes a small population that does not mate with those who are outside their group, we can say that they reflect a small population with no migration or immigration. It's as if they live and act in isolation from other populations. One result of this set-up is genetic drift or the change in allele frequency of the genes currently present in the gene pool. Reproduction within the small group may further result to inbreeding, which can also lead ultimately to genetic drift. 

Proteins are the workhorses of the cell, controlling virtually every reaction within as well as providing structure and serving as signals to other cells. proteins are long chains of  amino acids  , and the exact sequence of the amino acids determines the final structure and function of the protein. instructions for that sequence are encoded in  genes  . to make a particular protein, a messenger ribonucleic acid (mrna) copy is made from the gene (in the process called  transcription  ), and the mrna is transported to the  ribosome  . protein synthesis, also called  translation  , begins when the two ribosomal subunits link onto the mrna. this step, called initiation, is followed by elongation, in which successive amino acids are added to the growing chain, brought in by transfer rnas (trnas). in this step, the ribosome reads the  nucleotides  of mrna three by three, in units called  codons  , and matches each to three nucleotides on the trna, called the anticodon. finally, during termination, the ribosome unbinds from the mrna, and the  amino acid  chain goes on to be processed and folded to make the final, functional protein