What component of the body's metabolism describes the energy required to maintain essential body processes such as respiration, circulation, and temperature regulation?

The correct answer is basal metabolic rate.

Explanation:

Metabolism includes the procedures that the body requires to function. The basal metabolic rate refers to the sum of energy per unit time, which an individual requires to maintain the function of the body at relaxation. Some of these procedures are blood circulation, breathing, growth of cell, the controlling temperature of the body, contraction of muscles, and brain and nerve function.  

Basal metabolic rate influences the rate at which an individual burns calories and eventually whether that person maintains, loses, or gains weight.  

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the level of progesterone is low at the pre-ovulatory phase of the cycle but it gradually increases and the levels are high at the luteal phase. if pregnancy occurs, the level of progesterone will be high throughout the pregnancy.

if egg is fertilized and the mother gets pregnant, progesterone starts preparing the uterus for the implantation. it starts building up the lining of uterus and make it hostile of the period of pregnancy.