If it is determined that the spiral organ of corti is the source of the problem, which region of the organ would be defective

Part I. Clinical Applications1.An infant girl with strabismus is brought into the clinic. Describe what the condition is and whattherapy should be tried before surgery?Strabismusis a misalignment of the visual axes and loss of binocular vision. It can bedue toan underacting or overacting eye muscle, abnormal innervation,physical trauma,or a centralprocessing problem. The condition is particularly dangerous in infants as itcan resultinpermanent loss of vision in the “weaker” eye if not corrected during early childhood.Initialtherapy usually includes intermittent patching of the good eye before more invasive proceduressuch as surgery.2.A man in his early 60’s come into the cliniccomplaining of fuzzy vision. An eye examinationreveals clouding of his lenses. What is his problem and what factors might have contributed toit?The condition is cataracts. The lens becomes cloudy due to changes in the structure of thelens crystallin proteins. Cataracts often occur with aging but may also be caused bysmoking,injury, excessive exposure to ultraviolet rays, certain medications (such as long-term use ofsteroids), or complications of other diseases (diabetes).3.Albinism is a condition inwhich melanin pigment is not made. How doesalbinism affect visionand why?People with albinism generally have poor vision because, without pigment within the eye (inthe choroid and pigmented layer of the retina), light scatters before it can be properly focused.4.A child is brought to the speech therapist because she doe not pronounce high-pitched sounds(like “s”). If it is determined that the spiral organ of Corti is the source of the problem, whichregion of the organ would be defective?The proximal end of the organ of Corti, close to the oval window.5.When Mrs. Martinez visits her ophthalmologist, she complains of vision loss in her right eye.The intraocular pressure of that eye is found to be abnormally elevated. What is the name ofMrs. Martinez’s probable condition? What causes it? What might be the outcome if theproblem is not corrected?The condition is Glaucoma. The cause is an abnormally high intraocular pressure due to abuildup of aqueous humor which may be do to anover production of aqueous humoror inmost cases, aninadequate drainage of aqueous humor.If not corrected the persistentpressure results in a progression from mild visual impairment to irreversible destruction ofneurons in the retina, damage to the optic nerve, and blindness.