How does the movement of hot air at the equator and cold air at the poles produce global wind patterns

Monarch butterflies have brightly colored orange wings with black patterns on them, making them easily visible to birds that eat butterflies and moths, yet birds rarely eat the monarchs. likewise, the monarch caterpillars are brightly striped yellow and white and black, and they also are rarely eaten by birds, although some wasps will attack them and feed them to their young. what can be inferred from these observations? monarchs must threaten and attack birds, but not wasps. monarchs have a way of discouraging bird predation that does not involve hiding. monarchs’ wings are so colorful that most birds must find them difficult to eat. monarchs lay more eggs than other less conspicuous butterflies.

To test the responsiveness of the kidneys, scientists have designed an experiment tracking urine output of people during a normal day, while regulating the in-take of water by mouth. what would be an appropriate hypothesis for this experiment?

Which is essential for finding the biomass of spinach