Scientific theories are explanations for scientific phenomena that can be changed when and if new information is found to support or refute the explanation. which of the following statements provides an example of a scientific theory? a. an object at rest will remain at rest unless acted on by an outside force. b. species evolve by passing on advantageous hereditary traits. c. for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. d. in a closed system, energy is neither created nor destroyed.