Give an example of how cells structure relates to its functions in the body

The structure of the cellular components in a cell determines the function of component.

Take the case of an organelle which produces energy in a eukaryotic cell called mitochondria. Mitochondria are structured in a way that it can synthesize a large amount of ATP in a small enclosed area.  

The structure of mitochondria contains outer membrane, inner membrane and the matrix. The membranes are structured that they can hold and accumulate the protons and allow the flow of proton. Similarly, the inner membrane gets folded to increases the output of ATP synthesis by forming infoldings called cristae which embodies ATP synthase.

This shows how the structure and functions are related in a cell.

thinking it would be physical characteristics

when the displaced particles are perpendicular to the direction the wave travels, is called a transverse wave, whereas in longitudinal wave the displace practices are parallel to the direction of the wave.

in the given image:

first image shows - longitudinal wave

second image shows - transverse wave

third image shows - longitudinal wave

fourth image shows - longitudinal wave