12345678910explain how fossils of birds similar to modern birds provide evidence of climates in the past.  mark this and returnsave and exit  next 

Study of the analogy i.e., the convergent evolution of the birds would help in that case. If we study the analogy of the birds, we would be able to know about the environment that they live in. For example, if the birds have the granivorous features,  then it is confirmed that lived in or near a forested environment. The birds or animals, in general, adapt themselves to live in a particular condition or climate, without which they would die. Therefore, typical features of the birds provide information about their habitat. 
When modern and fossil birds have similar features, that means that both birds lived in a similar type of climatic conditions and thus, did not had to change or adapt themselves differently.

The punnett square is the device used to predict genetics.