Step 5: Identify the information that can be used to determine an individual's genotype from a pedigree in a system with a genetic maternal effect, and determine the individual's genotype. Which pieces of information can be used to determine Martha's dad's genotype

this website is for anybody really not just for girls just saying, also while a lot of males are mean and you know there are the few who are kind and then there's the nice-guys but then theirs also guys like me who are shy we don't get out much because there are people like you who exist who would most likely punch a guy in the face so next time just think about things before you post them to a website where guys and girls can see your question.

cells use diffusion to get substances in and out of themselves. that diffusion will occur across the cell membrane or the outer covering of the cell. because we are talking about the surface of the cell, surface area and volume are  important factors here. as a cell increases in size, its surface area and volume increase as well.  we call that the surface area to volume ratio (sa: vol).  but the catch is that  volume increases at a greater rate than surface  area. in other words, as a cell gets bigger, the sa: vol gets smaller. so a really small cell like bacteria is mostly cell membrane (surface) with very little contents (volume). a really big cell like an egg, is mostly insides with a super thin membrane. so what ends up happening is that the cell cannot efficiently diffuse all of the stuff it needs in/out to survive. therefore cell size is limited to about 100mm. so how do we make organisms bigger than 100mm? cells divide! by dividing and becoming multicellular, organisms are able to grow!   check out the diagrams i attached to see the effect of sa: vol. i hope this ! good luck!

the principle of segregation describes how pairs of gene variants are separated into reproductive cells. from his data, mendel formulated the principle of segregation. we now know that the segregation of genes occurs during meiosis in eukaryotes, which is a process that produces reproductive cells called gametes.

1) a

2)c

3)a

4)c

5)b

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