Evadoration 6.
Perfume is made by extracting fragrant oils from plant material such as flowers (e. g. rose) and
fruits (e. g. oranges). Susan boiled mint leaves using the following set-up.
thermometer
water out
condenser
water containing
crushed mint leaves
boiling chips
water in
А
B
Distillate
(a) What is the purpose and process illustrated in the set-un?

Simple distillation is used to obtain pure solvent from a solution of solute. The distillation is be being used to extract essential oils and fragrance which is stored in this mint solution. In simple distillation, we allow boiling to occur. We heat up and boil the mint solution. The purpose of the boiling chips is to ensure smooth boiling. The solvent, which is water, vaporises containing the mint fragrance and rises then goes into the condenser.

The thermometer, which is placed at the top of the flask, is used to measure the temperature of the vapour of the pure solvent (boiling point of the pure solvent). The vapour will then flow into the condenser. Temperature in the condenser is much lower. The vapour cools down, then condenses back into liquid. The liquid is collected as a distillate in the receiver.