Problem 1. Hidden Markov Models and Protein Structure. (20 pts) One biological application of hidden Markov models is to determine the secondary structure (i. e. the general three dimensional shape) of a protein. This general shape is made up of alpha helices, beta sheets, turns and other structures. In this problem we will assume that the amino acid composition of these regions is governed by an HMM. In order to keep this problem relatively simple, we do not use actual transition values or emission probabilities. We will use the state transition probabilities of

Melting glaciers is a serious threat to the environment what is the possible consequence of melting glaciers on polar bears?

Use this dichotomous key for insect identification to identify the insect shown. 1. a. insect has one pair of wings. order diptera b. insect has two pairs of wings. go to #2 2. a. front wings thicker in texture than hind wings go to #3. b. front and hind wings are same texture throughout. go to #4 3. a. front wings are short order dermaptera b. front wings cover entire abdomen order coleoptera 4. a. wings with scale on all parts of their area. order lepidoptera b. wings without scales go to #5. 5. a. hind wings smaller than front wings. order ephemeroptera b. front and hind wings nearly equal in size. order odonata the insect pictured is in the order diptera. ephemeroptera. coleoptera. odonata.

If the rna molecule in a human has the nucleotide sequence of guu, this would the amino acid valine would be needed to make the protein. how would this cha process was occurring in a mushroom?