Distinguish between parasitism, commensalism, and mutualism, Using a + for benefit and a – for harm and a 0 for neither benefit or harm. Example:
Parasitism: Flea + Dog -

Commensialism – where one species benefits while the other is unaffected. Mutualism – both species benefit. Parasitism – one species benefits while one is harmed. Competition – neither benefits.

Explanation:

On occasion you may actually see tiny brown fleas moving quickly through your dog's haircoat. Your dog's constant scratching may lead to visible patches of hair loss and reddened, irritated skin. Fleas may also cause skin allergies and can transmit other parasites, such as tapeworms, to your dog

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the speed increase from w to x due to increased gravity force

the speed decreases from x to y due to decrease in gravity

1. desertification

2. captive breeding

3. black rhinoceros

4. renewable resources

explanation:

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