3. A large quantity of sugar is needed to make jam. The cytoplasm of bacteria contains much less sugar. a. Is the bacterial cytoplasm isotonic, hypertonic, or hypotonic to the jam?
b. Why might many types of bacteria have difficulty colonizing jams?
4. Suggest ways that we could improve this investigation. How could we be more precise, or make our
observations more accurate?

The phylogenetic tree illustrates the relationship between humans and our closest living relatives. the tree was based on biochemical comparisons, including dna and amino acid sequences. according to the biomolecular data, we could infer that a) the four organisms do not have a common ancestor. b) humans are more closely related to chimps than any other apes. c) chimps are more closely related to gorillas than they are to humans. eliminate d) there is no evidence if any relationship between the four branches on the tree.