Which of the following best describes sickle-cell anemia? Caused by environmental factors that an individual was exposed to during pregnancy.
A hereditary genetic mutation that causes a resistance to malaria.
An inherited disorder that increases the risk of contracting malaria from mosquitos.
A genetic mutation that is inherited from a dominant allele of one parent.

Define the apical impulse and describe its normal location, size, and duration. which abnormal conditions may affect the location of the apical impulse? explain the mechanism producing normal first and second heart sounds. describe the effect of respiration on the heart sounds. describe the characteristics of the first heart sound and its intensity at the apex of the heart and at the base. describe the characteristics of the second heart sound and its intensity at the apex of the heart and at the base.