The physiological concentration of monovalent salt ions (primarily sodium, potassium, and chloride) in the human body is on the order of 0.15 molar (0.15 moles per liter or 150 moles per meter cubed). Let's assume that ions only within one nanometer (1x10-9 m) of the membrane cell wall participate in creating the resting and action potentials, which is also a few hundredths of a volt but with opposite polarity (during a pulse the potential outside the axon is temporarily smaller than the potential inside the axon). Considering your answer to the previous problem: a. Are very many of the ions transferred across the member to change the potential during a nerve pulse?
b. And what does this tell us about the change in concentration of the salt ions near the cell wall with respect to physiological concentrations?

when atoms of different types of elements join together, they make molecules called compounds. water consists of compound molecules made up of 2 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom. this is why it's called h2o. water will always have 2 times the number of hydrogen atoms as oxygen atoms.

ans.

dna fingerprinting is defined as a process that determines the dna characteristics of an individual. these dna characteristics are unique among individuals as their fingerprints, so it is known as dna fingerprinting.

steps of dna fingerprinting includes extraction of dna from sample, amplification of dna, restriction digestion of amplified dna, and then analysis of dna by gel electrophoresis, respectively.

thus, the next step performed by the scientist is 'to cut the amplified dna (obtained by polymerase chain reaction) by restriction enzymes that cleave the dna into fragments and their analysis.'