The final phase of translation, called termination, is signaled by three nucleotides, called a , that mark the end of a polypeptide chain. intron exon plasmid stop codon

The correct answer is "stop codon"

Explanation:

Codon is a trinucleotide (three nucleotides) sequence that translates to a specific amino acid or stops the translation of genetic sequence to amino acids. There is a codon table that is usually used to determine the corresponding protein.

However, a sequence of DNA or RNA sequence will have 3 nucleotides (codons) each been translated to a specific amino acid. For example, the sequence below can be translated as follows

5' - UAUGGAUUUAGACACUAG -3'

UAU - Tyrosine

GGA -Glycine

UUU - Phenylalanine

AGA - Arginine

CAC - Histidine

UAG - stop codon

The stop codon is a codon that doesn't code for any amino acid and signals the stop of protein synthesis/gene translation of a sequence. There are three stop codons which are UAG, UGA and UAA.

an individual’s sex (i.e., whether they are a male or female) is determined by the sex chromosomes. most people have two sex chromosomes, one that is inherited from their mother and one that is inherited from their father. typically, females have two x chromosomes (xx) and males have one x chromosome and one y chromosome (xy). conditions caused by changes (“mutations”) in genes located on the x chromosome are considered x-linked.

x-linked recessive inheritance

most x-linked conditions are recessive. this means that in a person with two x chromosomes (most females), both copies of a gene (i.e., one on each x chromosome) must have a change or mutation whereas in a person with one x chromosome (most males), only one copy of a gene must have a mutation. a female with a mutation in one copy of a gene on the x chromosome is said to be a “carrier” for an x-linked condition. a male with a mutation in a gene on the x chromosome is typically affected with the condition. because females have two copies of the x chromosome and males have only one x chromosome, x-linked recessive diseases are more common among males than females. however, x-linked recessive diseases can occur in both males and females.

for x-linked recessive disorders, an unaffected carrier mother who has a mutation in a gene on the x chromosome can transmit either the x chromosome with this mutation or a “normal” x chromosome to her children. if the father is unaffected, none of her daughters will be affected and all of her daughters will be unaffected—since they will inherit at least one normal x chromosome from their father. however, each daughter will have a 50% chance of being an unaffected carrier like her mother and a 50% chance of both x chromosomes being normal.