Occasionally, plates like the ones inoculated as part of this exercise are allowed to remain in the incubator for extended periods of time (two weeks or more). When the plates are examined, the agar is desiccated and Halobacterium salinarium is seen growing on plates labeled 5% NaCl and 10% NaCl, despite the fact that H. salinarium requires a minimum of 13% NaCl for growth. Explain why this happens.

Answer and Explanation:

This happened because when the agar was desiccated, all the water was released, but the solutes used in the culture medium remained in the petri dish, that is, all the nutrients remained available to H. salinarium, which survived by consuming these nutrients. Although the growth of H. salinarium requires a higher level of NaCl than the level left in the petri dish, we can consider that some colonies of H. salinarium adapted to the low level of NaCl and managed to survive, passing this characteristic to new colonies.

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the relative atomic mass of an element is the mass of one atom of that element, relative to 1/12th of the mass of a  1212c atom. to convert to an absolute mass in kg, it is necessary to multiply by  1.661×10−271.661×10−27.

the relative atomic mass is roughly equal to the number of neutrons, plus the number of protons, in the nucleus of the atom.

for elements with more than one stable isotope (different types of nucleus with different numbers of neutrons but the same number of protons), the quoted mass is usually the average mass, weighted by the relative abundance of the different isotopes.