Toads and frogs live all over the world including the Arctic circle where temperatures drop below freezing every winter. To survive these freezes toads and frogs will dig into the mud and hibernate for months at a time. In this dormant state they use very little energy, and the mud protects them from the freezing temperatures. Which selection pressure most likely lead to this adaptation and how does it benefit the toads fitness?

Joe is breeding cockroaches in his dorm room. he finds that the average wing length in his population of cockroaches is 4 cm. he chooses the six cockroaches that have the largest wings; the average wing length among these selected cockroaches is 10 cm. joe interbreeds these selected cockroaches. from earlier studies, he knows that the narrow-sense heritability for wing length in his population of cockroaches is 0.6. a. calculate the selection differential and expected response to selection for wing length in these cockroaches. b. what should be the average wing length of the progeny of the selected cockroaches?

Due tonight 10 points will mark brain

Some substances but not other can cross the (blank) membrane of a cell