why might scientists be wary of the results of a single experiment testing a particular treatment, even when the results are peer reviewed and statistically significant

The results may not be true for humans if the experiment used a model organism.

Explanation:

An animal model is an animal species used in research that mimics diverse human traits/features such as, for example, human response to certain diseases. Thus, animal models may provide useful information related to human developmental biology and human diseases (i.e., prevention, diagnosis, treatment, etc). However, in general, experiments involving animal models cannot be used to predict human outcomes. For example, in genetics, animal models exhibit different features to humans, including but not limited to genomes (i.e., different number and structure of chromosomes), genes, gene regulatory pathways, epigenetics gene regulatory mechanisms, etc. In consequence, animal tests may be unreliable and therefore their results cannot be directly extrapolated to human subjects.

you did not attach the discourse, but i assume it to be the discourse on the origin and basis of inequality among men (the original titile in french is: "discours sur l'origine et les fondements de l'inégalité parmi les hommes"), also know as "second discourse". in this discourse, jean-jacques rousseau emphasizes that private property is the basis of all inequalities.

therefore, what enabled the old regime to maintain as long as it did was private property.

the answer to your question is slate