Name: Date: Student Exploration: Meiosis Directions: Follow the instructions to go through the simulation. Respond to the questions and prompts in the orange boxes. Vocabulary: anaphase, chromosome, crossover, cytokinesis, diploid, DNA, dominant, gamete, genotype, germ cell, haploid, homologous chromosomes, interphase, meiosis, metaphase, mitosis, ovum, phenotype, prophase, recessive, sister chromatid, sperm cell, telophase, zygote Prior Knowledge Questions (Do these BEFORE using the Gizmo.) During mitosis, a single cell divides to produce two daughter cells. What must happen in the original cell so that each of the daughter cells has a complete set of chromosomes

The correct answer is - cell must make a copy of every chromosome.

Explanation:

Mitosis is the cell cycle where cells form two identical daughter cells. It is essential to the daughter cells have a copy of every chromosome, and therefore, It copying the chromosomes during mitosis and separating the chromosome copies to provide a new cell with a complete set of chromosomes.

In the Interphase phase, the DNA breaks up evenly so that each new daughter cell has the same amount of DNA that helps in providing a complete set of chromosomes.

cells use diffusion to get substances in and out of themselves. that diffusion will occur across the cell membrane or the outer covering of the cell. because we are talking about the surface of the cell, surface area and volume are  important factors here. as a cell increases in size, its surface area and volume increase as well.  we call that the surface area to volume ratio (sa: vol).  but the catch is that  volume increases at a greater rate than surface  area. in other words, as a cell gets bigger, the sa: vol gets smaller. so a really small cell like bacteria is mostly cell membrane (surface) with very little contents (volume). a really big cell like an egg, is mostly insides with a super thin membrane. so what ends up happening is that the cell cannot efficiently diffuse all of the stuff it needs in/out to survive. therefore cell size is limited to about 100mm. so how do we make organisms bigger than 100mm? cells divide! by dividing and becoming multicellular, organisms are able to grow!   check out the diagrams i attached to see the effect of sa: vol. i hope this ! good luck!

a scenario where a cell may be needed to perform a form of endocytosis is when transporting large molecules. a scenario where a cell may be needed to perform a form of exocytosis is when releasing the large molecule from the cell.