Peat is soil that is composed of a partially decayed remains of animals
b. partially decayed remains of plants
c. fresh plants
d. high concentration of nutrients​

Peat is the surface organic layer of a soil that consists of partially decomposed organic matter, derived mostly from plant material, which has accumulated under conditions of waterlogging, oxygen deficiency, high acidity and nutrient deficiency

Explanation:

so c

it's anything that aren't producers and consumers.

explanation:

you've got to be clear on what "this" is

as resources become scarce because of population growth, the growth decreases after few years due to lack of resources and food.