When crossing over occurs, part of a chromatid on one chromosome breaks off and switches positions with the matching portion of a chromatid on the homologous chromosome. How does crossing over affect the possible genetic combinations in the offspring formed from these gametes?

The small molecule cyclic amp (camp) takes about 0.2 second to diffuse 10 μm, on average, in a cell. suppose that camp is produced near the plasma membrane on one end of the cell; how long will it take for this camp to diffuse through the cytosol and reach the opposite end of a very large cell, on average? assume that the cell is 200 μm in diameter.