The AURKA gene encodes an enzyme that helps assemble the spindle fibers, which signals the cells to continue through mitosis. When researchers analyzed the levels of the AURKA protein in different types of cancer cells, they found that cancer cells expressing high levels of AURKA protein had more tripolar divisions when treated with paclitaxel, than did cancer cells expressing low levels of AURKA protein. Required:
a. Describe the situations in which a normal human cell would enter the cell cycle and undergo mitotic cell division. Explain how spindle fibers help ensure the products of mitosis are two identical cells with a full set of chromosomes.
b. Based on the data, identify the lowest level of paclitaxel that will allow for at least 50% of the cells to be tripolar. From the start codon through the stop codon, the length of the fully processed AURKA mRNA is 1,212 nucleotides. Calculate the number of amino acids in the polypeptide chain coded for by the mRNA.
c. Predict the effect of a mutation that prevents the expression of AURKA on a normal (noncancerous) cell.

c should be the answer

measuring light intensity

light meters can be used to measure light intensity. the meter is held at the soil surface and pointed in the direction of the maximum light intensity, and then the meter is read.

errors can be made when measuring light intensity by accidentally shading the light meter. the reliability of the results can be checked by taking many samples.

the two answers are a, the population of birds with large beaks will increase on the island, and c, the trait for large beaks will be passed on to future generations through natural selection. the reason for that is because if the birds that have beaks developed for eating small seeds lose all of their food, they will go hungry and eventually starve because they physically cannot eat the large seeds, therefore making the population of large beaked birds higher. also, if the trait of large beaks are dominant on the island over small beaks, then over time the large beaked birds will reproduce more and more, while the smaller beaked birds will reproduce less and less because they can't survive with the food provided. that leads to the trait of small beaks disappearing and the trait of large beaks taking over the island.