global shipping trade ( cargo ships ) is the heading cause of this issue? 1. invasive species 2. oil spills 3. whaling 4. mercury pollution 5. shark finning

That is true! many fish species traveled to the u.s. because of it.

Na+ loss through sweet plus the dilution has lowered na+ concentration outside of neurons, altering the na+ equilibrium potential. sodium exists more outside the cells than inside. when na+ is lost by sweat plus the dilution( because they drink a lot of water) changes the concentration outside the cell, forcing the water to enter the cell and attempt to balance the concentration inside/outside.the problem is that the abundance of water will cause the cells to swell. most cells can adapt, however, the brain cells can't that's why the runner has confusion and can't control the muscles.  if not treated and this occurs in less than 48 hours, it can be immediately fatal .

May you elaborate on your question?